Aluminium is a lightweight, ductile, and corrosion-resistant metal derived from bauxite ore via the Bayer and Hall–Héroult processes. In packaging, its metallic crystal lattice provides outstanding barrier performance against oxygen, moisture, light, and aromas, combined with high thermal conductivity and excellent formability. These properties make aluminium suitable for both flexible and rigid packaging formats. In rigid form, aluminium is produced into cans, bottles, aerosol containers, closures, tubes, and capsules. In thin-gauge form, it is rolled into foil for lamination with paper and polymer substrates.

Aluminium is also deposited as a thin vapour layer via vacuum metallisation onto plastic films, imparting barrier properties without the weight of solid foil.

A critical sustainability advantage is that aluminium retains its material properties through infinite recycling cycles, requiring only approximately 5% of the energy needed to produce primary metal.

Industry trends include higher post-consumer recycled content in cans and closures, lightweighting, bio-based lacquer systems compatible with food-contact regulations, and deposit-return schemes designed to maximise collection rates. The EU PPWR and national EPR regulations are accelerating these transitions with mandatory minimum recycled content targets reshaping procurement strategies across the sector.